o MEM /RIAL A STATE UNIVERSITY.' LOUISIANA STATE UNIVERSITY -AND- Agricultural and Mechanical College, To the Honorable the President and Members of the Constitutional Convention of the State of fcoui&id'ha: Gentlemen — There has been so much error and mis- representation, in regard to the ordinance introduced by Mr. George, of Webster, concerning •A STATE UNIVERSITY,'' that I would respectfully beg leave to make the following statement: The ordinance proposes to unite the Law and Medical Departments of the University of Louisiana, in New Orleans, and this Academic Institution, at Baton Rouge, into one State University — under one charter — without any change in the present location of these Depart- ments, or any essential change in their present organ- ization. The object is: 1. To secure for Louisiana a complete university, instead of having, as now, two incomplete, or fragments of, universities. 2 2. To relieve Louisian i legislation of the charge, to which it is now amenabl \ of not comprehending what a university is. 3. There is no wish, or intention, to remove the present Academical Department of the University of Louisiana from New Orleans to Baton Rouge. Any assertion to the contrary is purely gratuitous. There is, indeed, nothing to remove but the persons of the professors; and tin not needed, for other professors are already here at Baton Rouge doing identically the same work, and more besides. This institution is a literary school, as well as a scientific one. But, useless for State purposes, let the Academical Department in New Orleans no longer be considered a State College. It can be very useful, however, as a City College; and such let it be converted into, to be sup- ported out of the public school fund, and controlled by the public school authorities. It has no endowment fund, and the State of Louisiana is now too poor to sup- port it. Let it simply be transferred from the list of University Institutions to Public School Institutions. 4. To keep the Academical Department in New Orleans from being everlastingly in the way of forming a correct system of university-education in Louisiana. Like some of our Louisiana railroads, dead or dying, it is of no use but to be In the way of some other enter- prise that might do good, were it out of the way. It lives, at least, on paper, and has its chartered privileges 3 and vested rights. And though all signs of life be gone, and it forgotten long years together, yon have only to propose to establish a State University on a proper footing, to see the old skeleton appear and hear its dry bones begin to rattle. The advantages are : 1. To concentrate the State's resources upon one University, to make sure of its success — have one good school ; instead of dividing the State's resources for higher education between two Universities — to have one, or both, eventually fail, or, at best, be two poor* schools. 2. To keep at home — have educated in Louisiana, through the influence of a first-rate University — the hundreds of Louisiana youths who now go to other States and countries for an education. The money thus kept in Louisiana, and spent among our own people would be enormous. 3. To prevent the Academic Department in New Orleans from being considered the City University, and this Academic Department at Baton Rouge the Country University, with the prejudice and antipathy that would inevitably ensue, and the serious injury to both. 4. To give the Medical Department of the University in Newr Orleans sufficient room for its necessary pur- poses. A portion of its building, as assigned it by law, is now occupied by the Academic Department. 8, To infuse new life ;u d spiril into bhe La\? Depart- nieut in New Orleans, win h for want of proper interest felt and taken in it, for w ant of proper sympathy and support, is now . To centre the affections and love of the who-le people of Louisiana on one State institution of learn- ing; to make the people of the whole State (city and country) feel that the Law and Medical Departments in New Orleans, and the Academic Department at Baton Rouge, are theirs, belonging to and representing Lonsi- axa, and not, as now, the two former to the city and the latter to the country. This feeling in common, or universality of senti- ment— with the sympathy and support it would engen- der— would alone, without a dollar from the State, huild up a State school; and without the affection and love of the people, of the whole people of Louisiana, all efforts of the State to found a university are vain. The sentiment of the people breathed into it, the State University is a living soul : without that sentiment, though endowed with all the wealth of Croesus, it is but a lifeless body. 7. To he an active principle in unifying the people of Louisiana, educating together youths from city and country, having them grow up together, knowing one another and loving one another: doing away with local prejudice . country against city, and city against conn- try, now so hurtful to the best interests of the whole people. So strong is this prejudice, the country holding the balance of power, thai one of the great political parties of our State has not consented, for forty //ears and riiore, to selecl Its candidate for the high office of Governor, from amongst all the admitted talent, and ability, and worth of the great City of New Orleans. Surely, it is time for such folly to stop. 8. State-love and State-pride will grow and intensify under the influence of a strong and respectable State University, complete in all its departments, and capable of affording good academical and professional education. So much for University education for the State. To accommodate such of the bright youths of New Orlean%, as may be attending the present Academical De- partment of the University of Louisiana and the High School in that city, and who may not have the means to attend the State University here — say, twenty per cent, of those now pursuing collegiate or academic studies there, let there be established out of those twro institutions (the present Academic Department of the University of Louisiana in New Orleans and the High School of that city) "A CITY COLLEGE - of high grade, with tuition free, to be supported out of the public school fund, or the general fund, and managed by the public school authorities. 6 Thus, no youth in New Orleans would be deprived of a single academic facility he now enjoys; and every youth in the State, capable of receiving it, be he rich or be he poor, would have every advantage of a collegiate- education, tuition free, that Louisiana could give him, through the New Orleans City College and the Louisiana State University. Such are some of the main reasons on which is based Mr. George's ordinance concerning "A State Universi- ty ; " and such some of the chief considerations connect- ed with it. It may be well to dwell on them somewhat at length. The public institutions of our State ought to be located where the public interests would be best sub- served, where the general public of Louisiana would wish them to be. And the several departments of th^ State University ought, each, to be located at the most suit- able point for its own specific work. No one would think of locating the Medical Depart- ment elsewhere than in New Orleans. Few think differently about the location of the Law Department. And the best proof that New Orleans is not the place for the Academic Department, is, that while the Law and Medical Departments have, in general, prospered in New Orleans, the Academic Department there, has in general failed. From 1860 to 1878, the Academic Department of the University of Louisiana (in New Orleans) 7 had no existence whatever; and before 1860 it had no existence, if we are correctly informed, except such as it obtained through its private lessees^ Messrs. Dufau & Sears. Few parents, residing out of New Orleans, would think of sending a son to college in New Orleans ; and not many residents even of New Orleans, would patron- ize a college located there, except those who have not the means of sending their sons to college out of Newr Orleans, or those residents who may use it for a short time as a preparatory school for some other college. Three out of every four persons in Louisiana live out of New Orleans — in the country ; and it is idle to expect country parents to send their sons to college in that city, What means the heavy outgo of New Orleans people every year, beginning in May and June, and their return only in October and November, if New Orleans is a good place for continuous, earnest college work for nine or ten months in the year ? No ; the same reason that points so strongly to New Orleans as the proper place for the Medical Department, warns us not to commit the folly of locating the Academic Department of the Uni- versity there. But for such students as poverty, or other fortuitous circumstances, may prevent leaving New Orleans for academic advantages, let us establish a (My college of high grade, to be supported out of the City Public School Fund, or tin General Fund, and managed by Hie City school authorities. An Academic Departn I of a State University, if located in New Orleans, i in never be, in fact, a Stale college. It can never be really other than a local city college. Then lei the one there now be, in law and name, what virtually il is. a cit// college, and under city control, with tithon free. Louisiana, in her poverty and sparseness of popula- tion, cannot afford to sustain two State colleges oi let- ters and science, one here and another* in New Orleans. Colleges and Universities — to be efficient — can but he cosily. After buildings are erected, and able professors secured, then conies the greater - of suitable libraries, apparatus, museums, etc. Without these helps, any college, however able its faculty, must fall far short of doing its proper work. The Academic Department of the University of Louisiana, in New- Orleans, has. we believe, little or nothing off these neces tids to ml instruction; and to sup- ply them, would cost the Slate many thousand dollars. At Baton Jl beginning has already been made in procuring an apparatus, museum and library — the library of 14JMM > volume-, the best in Louisiana, and the third c ibrary in importance in the South. The question would naturally arise: why should a State, in the financial dist ss in which Louisiana finds herself, go In the uimeeessj ry expense of dnplicatiny a 0 costly library, apparatus, museum, etc.* to say nothing of duplicating costly professorships in \ew Orleans, when the Slate College already established in Baton Rouge, and founded on the United States grants; has the same, and other chairs, and will answer all reason- able purposes of State Academical Education ? Louisiana is. we believe, the only State in the Union which has placed the Academic Department of its §tate University in its chief city, or indeed in a large city. And the past experience of Louisiana in this regard would not warrant the present State Convention in continuing- or attempting to maintain such Academic Department of the University in New Orleans in the future. hi some of the large cities of our country, colleges hate been founded and located by private or sectarian agencies. Notably, the Columbia College in the City of New York, and the wealthiest college in the United States. Yet its able President, Dr. F. A. P. Barnard, well known in our Southwest as the former President of the University of Mississippi, in an able paper to the Board of Trustees in 1870, recommended the removal of that college to some location in the country, because the college, with all its wealth— say $20,000,000 of endowment — and with all its powerful patrons and friends, could never attain to the full measure of its usefulness in the city of New York. Vanderhilt gave the university that bears his name 10 to Nashville, auo Johns Hopkins d d the same (of IJalti- niore : the Slate- of Ten in ssee an< Maryland, lowevrr. loealhu.' Uw.lv Staff Institutions, or OQllegies respectively. in the smaller cit'.'s of Ki oxville a id Aj uiajx >l i.- . And if some millionaire wonld plant a greal university in New Orleans, let us all rejoice-. Btit let lie Hiati Louisiana act as wisely as Maryland and Tennes have done, and locate ils State Academical Coll elsewhere than in New Orleans. While no Stale but Louisiana lias, we believe, estab- lished any Department of its State UniverMly in a great city, except such professifnal departments as those <»f Law, Medicine, etc., yet in all the principal cities of this country, there is a High School or City Col- lege as a part of the public school system. And such there should be in New Orleans, for the benefit of the bright young fellows of that city, who would receive. and thirst for, high academical learning, but who have not the means to go out of New Orleans to ohtain it: and to all such p< >oi . but worthy, youths, tuition should be tree, and not. as now, in the Academical Department of the University of Louisiana, at a chai ge of some $36 a session. We have thus far spoken mainly of \eademical Education, but Medical Education is, perhaps, of more vital concern to Louisiana. When we reflect how much Hie material prosperity of the State, and especially thai of New Qrk »ns. depend- II on its healthfullness, we can hardly under-estimate the services of the highly educated and skilful physician. And what is Louisiana doing for Medical Kducatioii ! Beyond the personal exert roife of a tew devoted physi- cians, almost nothing. (io to the Medical Departnffenl of the rniversity of Louisiana in \ew Orleans. ;md the true lover of learn- ijil: will ho surprised, and mortified, at the too patent signs of neglect by the State. A museum, good twenty years ago, hut nothing, we believe, dorie for it since : no lihrary or reading-room for the medieal students, and the professors even cramped for room (space) for their necessary purposes of instruction, and that because the Academical Department has been thrust in upon them, and now occupies a portion of the quarters which the law designed for the Medical Department. Such is, at present, the bad condition of the Medical Department of the University of Louisiana, in New Orleans, and such the poor facilities for instruction which the State of Louisiana has extended to its able Medical Faculty. It is our wish to come to the relief of the Medical Department by removing from it the intrusive presence, in its own proper quarters, of the Academic Department, which has no warrant in law, or public necessity, to be there in the east wing of the University Building. The faculty of the Medical Department memorialized the Legislature, March 3d, 1*77. to remove from their 2 Iwildiiifttfre vgricultural and Mechanic* College which had ht vii i hfporarily placed in it in 1874. The m assigned w i- that theynee< rd the W/c/H)uilding for th»'ir mcessarv .ii poses, and t iat the pi isenc« of the A cultural and Mechanical College was an injustice injury to the Medical roll* ie. to wliich the Legislate e in 1861, op the collapse ol the t Academical Department, had given the v\ hole east w Lng of the Uniyersity Build- ing, except two rooms which should he devoted to the \e\v Orleans Academy of Sciences. The Legislature in 1877. was so impressed with the force of the memorial of t lie Medical Faculty that the act of 1874. e&tfrblisfaittg an Agricultural and Mechani- cal College was repealedin so far as it affected the building or quarters of the Medical College. The Agncutural and Mechanical College was ordered aid, and the huild- ing directed to he restored to those whom tic L< Liislature had in 1874 urected to give it tempwibrilt h the Agri- cultural and Mechanical College, viz: to the Board of Administrators of the University for the use. of course. of the Medical Department. This was the intention. if not the words, of the law,^ The undo signed, acting in his official capacity as Ci esident <>f the Agricultural and Mechanical College • I- . in \o\ . 'I he act < E 1877, passed t the instan c of the Medical 13 Faculty, was designed to "r*pbalv the ad of 1874. in so far as il look from them, through their governing hoard of Administrators, a portion of their building, and to "restore" it hack to them, through the same administrative agency* The Legislature, whatever its ultimate object, could only deal properly in either case, of taking away or restoring the building, through the corporate authorities of the University, namely, throng] i the Board of Administrators. If this position is correct, it is contrary to lair for the Academic Department of the University to occupy any portion of the east (or Medical) wing of the University Building. And as it is occupying essentially the same portion of the building, from which the Legislature removed the Agricultural and Mechanical College, because it was an imposition upon, and an interference with, the Medical Department; clearly, the Academical Department must be equally in the way of, and equally a hindrance, to the Medical Department. The Law Department, for some reason or other, is not doing well, only some twelve students on the roll at the recent commencement. It has but little to call its own besides the brains of its professors and its past glorious history. xV furniture cart could carry all its materiel, and then not have a full load. Such. then, is the status of the University of Lou- isiana in New Orleans: an Academical Department deatt one day and dying the next, of only three (&) pro- willi none 61 the ueces-arv appliances for a cottegv, stud \m less at bi for a Si m school, a Medi- cal Department neglected )\' lie ! and as i lliat e no' difticn yv enoilgb be nin.iintd'. tl vm- i c a 1 Department i h rust in ipon it, contrary to law. and depriving il of Hiq n< Oil] or space, to grow and il n eiivrfl in : and a Law Oeparti iei il thai dmosl b to have failed outrigM. Some change is necessary1 in thai institution, hhiic new life needed; and we propose to make .hat mange, tfl put I sitf education in Louisiana on a proper footing, and to infuse the necessary vitality into ail its departmei ts. hy dropping from its organization ail that is useless, and concentrating our en .-rides and resour- ces on only what is necessary. The Ac Mimical Departpient in New Orl -;n is is i. le 1 i < - school system. Maryland has its State college at Annapolis, whih Bal- timore has its oHp i >lle e, as its highest city p ihlic school. Ohio has its State college ear Columbus, and Cincinnati it.- free pubhc city colle. e. Illinois I as its State tniver&ilj al I '!>•• ia. Chicag i having at the IS & me time its own city high school. - Similarly, Michi- jjriin. .Missouri, California and other Status, have their one, qnd only one, Statu Universilv. located usually in a country district or in some small city, while the large cities of those States have, each, their oWn city high schools, or city colleges, free to all. Now. what does all Ihis show! Simply, that the Siates generally recognize a difference in pr*»gif?le between a university system of education, and a ui cue school system of education. And so there is. You sic wisdom and experience tending all the while lo concentrate the State's resources for the higher or University Education, but to scatter its resources as far as practicable (without waste) for Elementary Education. That is: put, if possible, a public school in every neighborhood in the State, with a high school, or even local college, in the principal towns and cities: this is a correct public School system; but when you come to a system of university education, the reverse should be your rule of action. Concentrate! concentrate, is the true principle of higher University Education ; and it is an axiom now among all able educators in this country and in Europe. - Depart from this law and you must pay the penalty of having a weak, inefficient system of higher Academ- ical Education. In the United State.-, generally, we havu too many colleges and universities — say 400; and the result is. their genera] inefficiency — Louisiana, even. having '" (See consitution of 1868. articles 141 and 14i; The old "Uniyersity of Louisana. " of I he con- stitutions of 18()4, t852, etc.. was not rechartef^d or provided for, in the constitution of 1868. The " Uniyersity of New . Orleans/' as contemplated and provided for by the present constitution of 868, has never ;>een chart* 'ed and established by the Lc lature. Therefore, ;n no sense, can the Academical Department of the old " Qnriversj y of Louisiana " be legally and properly considered to >e a departmenl of an institution, which has never existed, namely, of " the University of hew Orleans" fide and Stale love. A id in no way ean W( bring this about so well as lo have a proper system of public education : 1st. Free schools that shall reach 'very child, rich or poor, in the State : and. _M. A Stale University that shall serve as a groat reservoir o( thought and learning, to feed the numberless public- schools in every neighborhood, in every parish, and that shall gather around it, and centre upon it, the love and affection, and prayers of every man. woman and child in Louisiana. There are many stars in the heavens, and but our sun. So. there sliduld he many scJiobld in Louisiana, but all to receive their light ami vitality from one L'ni- versih/. Hither let thorn come and leplenis i themselves, and then go bac\ and make distribution among their pupils and ;he people. Let it be so that— •' Hithe as to their fountains other stars Kepairin ■;. in their golden urns, draw light." Th ■ great commentator on English law has well said that •the sciences are of a sociable disposition, and flourish best in the neighbdrhood of each other.'" It is truly a misfortum to Louisiana hat all the departmen M of her State University cannot well he together, at U.V 19 same I x at ion. Hul the reasons for their s< paration are msupei iblt ; no one 1< ality ran be found in the State whnv ea/l and every lepdrtment would best 'hrive. Nor is L tuisiana aloh< . ofthe States, in this particular, (jfeorgia has the Acadei i< and Law Departments other University at Athens, ai I the Medical Department down in Augufcta. rnion I'm Tsify (fbrrtierty Union Col- lege) ai Rchfclifcetady, \e\ York, ha- its Law and .Vedi- eal Depar metfts at Albany. Keiitu ky University, at Lexington Tennessee I diversity, a! knoxville. and California University, at I "rkrley. have their Niedkb) Departmeh ^Respectively in Louisville, Nashville and Sau Kranei <*o. No; the several depart ients of a great institution of learning cannot always be together. Desirable as it is to have then, associated actually together, the public interest may demand that they be separated — that each be located wWere it may do nost good. Hut let no State commit the fol'y of bavin- a double set 6f smdi depart- ments, and, above all. of ftm. or more, Academic Depart- ments of a State University Law and Medical students should hav«' had a good academical raining, and that th y should recei • . together. a1 the same Ac; lennra Institution, at one and < nly one, Academical Department of the State University, Thus, would the Law ai I Med- ical students in Sew Orl ins have a coumc n aim a mab r in the country an Law students an I >!■ iiO cal students, and Academic students, would all be inspired with a common love for the State University and all its departments. The University, however sep- arated and distant its several departments, would thus he one: one in its charter, one in its spirit, and one in the affections of the people. Such a University. Louisiana ran foster and make flourish: hut she can have only qne such. Aiid mich a University — the middle-aged and the old looking back at it with pride and affection, and the youth of the land looking forward to it with hope and ambition — will do more to make Louisiana one in sentiment and sympathy, and united in all the moral elements that go to make up a great and glorious people, than all other human agencies combined. Nor is this idea of making the State University, at Baton Rouge, the literary and scientific department of I lie University of Louisiana, or of combining that institution and the Law and Medical Departments in New Orleans under one charter and in one corporate name, a new one. As far back as 1858, you will find reference made to it in the Annual Report of the Super- intendent of Public Education to the Legislature, with the remark, that 'he understands that a memorial will be presented to that body, praying for legislation to that effect.' In L866, a committee of the Legislature confeiTeci with I he administrators, and other officers, of the University of Louisiana upon the subject. Nothing further, at that time, was done, because there was some 21 doubt whether it was then constitutional (o make such union. So, the matter rested until 1878 — all the while, however, from 1858, or before, the question was alive in the minds of some of the ablest and best men in the State, hast year it was actively revived; and the lead then taken in its favor by those who are now its chief, opponents, the Board of Administrators of the Uni- versity of Louisiana, in New Orleans. That Board of Administrators asked the Legislature to pass what became the twenty-first proposed amend- ment to the constitution of the State, by which the fusion — into one and the same Institution — of the Law and Medical Departments of that Institution, in New Orleans, and this Academic Institution here, in Baton Rouge, could be effected. But the ink was hardly dry on that paper of their own making — the proposed twenty- first amendment, before that Board, in the absence of some of its ablest and best members, repudiated their own act, and set to work to defeat the twenty-first amendment (which they themselves had asked the Legislature to pass), and to resurrect their Academ- ical Department, after it had lain in its grave eighteen years ! This they were enabled to do, by having obtained through the forms of the law, yet wrongfully and im- properly, twenty-five per cent, of the poll tax of the Slate, since 1868; money wrenched alike, by the remorseless tax-gatherer, from the poor man in the country and the poor man in the city, whose own chij to dren arc left without proper schooling — to educate rich men's sons -in New Orleans. Should your honorahl 3 hody not appro\c of the views, as ahove expressed, and re-charler the University of Louisiana, as it now is. let us all cheerfully acquiesce, and hope that it may be supported as liberally as possible from the treasury of the State, without which aid the Academic Department will but surely repeat its former history — dead one day and dying the next? Respectfully submitted, DAVID F. BOYD. Baton Rouge, La., July 7, 1879. 3 0112 105551953